Quick answer
Reverse sneezing is a sudden burst of loud snorting or honking as a dog pulls air in through the nose. It looks alarming but is usually harmless and passes within a minute or so. See a vet if episodes become frequent or long, or if your dog has trouble breathing, collapses, has blue or pale gums or other symptoms.
Few things startle dog owners like a first reverse sneeze. Your dog stands still, stretches the neck out and makes a loud, gasping snort. It can sound like choking, but it is a different thing. Here is what to look for, what may trigger it and when to get help.
What does reverse sneezing look like?
- Your dog suddenly stands with elbows out and head and neck extended.
- Rapid, noisy inhale through the nose, often described as snorting, honking or gasping.
- Episodes usually last under a minute, and the dog returns to normal right after.
- The dog is otherwise alert and not in distress between episodes.
Reverse sneezing or choking?
| Reverse sneezing | Choking or breathing emergency | |
|---|---|---|
| Sound | Snorting or honking while breathing in through the nose | Gagging, silent struggle or wheezing |
| Duration | Usually under a minute | Does not stop on its own |
| Behavior | Alert, then back to normal right away | Panic, pawing at the mouth, collapse |
| Gum color | Normal pink | Pale or bluish |
If you think your dog is choking or struggling to breathe, treat it as an emergency and go to the nearest vet or emergency clinic.
Watch a vet explain it
This video from a veterinarian explains how to tell reverse sneezing from choking. If it does not load, the article above covers the key points.
What causes reverse sneezing?
Vets think it is a spasm triggered by irritation at the back of the throat and soft palate. Common triggers include:
- Excitement, especially after play
- Pulling on the leash or collar. See how to stop a dog from pulling on the leash
- Eating or drinking too fast
- Dust, pollen, perfume, smoke or other irritants
- Allergies or a cold
It happens in any dog, but small and flat-faced breeds are often affected. Our guides to the French Bulldog and Shih Tzu cover breed-specific breathing care. Less often, repeated episodes point to something that needs treatment, such as nasal mites, a foreign object in the nose or throat, or growths. That is why a vet should check frequent episodes.
What to do during an episode
- Stay calm. Your dog picks up on your stress.
- Speak softly and keep your dog still. Do not force their mouth open.
- Gently stroke the throat. Many vets suggest this because it may help the spasm settle.
- Note the details. If you can, record a short video with your phone: the sound and posture help your vet a lot.
- Look for triggers. Think about what happened just before: a collar tug, excitement, a new cleaner or fast eating.
How to reduce episodes
- Use a harness instead of a collar if your dog pulls. See what to look for in a dog harness.
- Slow down fast eaters with a slow feeder or smaller portions.
- Reduce irritants at home, such as strong sprays and smoke.
- Calm excited greetings before the dog gets overly worked up.
When to see a vet
Book a vet visit if:
- It is your dog’s first episode, or the episodes are getting more frequent
- Episodes last longer than a minute or two
- Your dog also coughs, has nasal discharge, nosebleeds or loses appetite
- Your dog seems tired, weak or struggles to exercise
Go to an emergency clinic right away if your dog collapses, has blue or pale gums, or cannot catch their breath. For more on spotting problems early, read our guide to the signs your dog may be unwell.
Quick self-check
Tap each question to reveal the answer. This is not a diagnosis.
1. Your dog snorts loudly for 30 seconds, then trots off normally. Most likely?
Probably a reverse sneeze. Mention it at the next vet visit, and record it if it happens again.
2. Your dog’s gums look blue or pale and the dog collapses. What now?
Emergency. Go to the nearest emergency vet.
3. Which habit can trigger episodes?
Pulling on a collar or leash is one common trigger.
Frequently asked questions
Is reverse sneezing dangerous?
Usually not. The episodes are typically brief and resolve on their own, but frequent or prolonged episodes should be checked by a vet.
Does reverse sneezing hurt my dog?
It looks uncomfortable, but most dogs recover quickly and act normal afterward.
Why does my dog reverse sneeze after playing?
Excitement and heavy breathing can irritate the throat and trigger a spasm.
Can I give my dog medication for it?
Only if your vet prescribes it after finding a cause. Do not give human medications.
Sources and further reading
Featured photo: OceanOtter on Unsplash. This article is educational and is not a substitute for advice from your vet.